OpenBSD

Nginx - Log Headers

OpenBSD

How to enable Logging with Headers for Nginx

Assuming you have a running setup and you want to enable logging with headers for debug and learning purposes ?

Add Lua

doas pkg_add nginx-lua--

and you get …

doas pkg_info -L nginx-lua--
Information for inst:nginx-lua-1.20.1p0

Files:
/var/www/modules/ndk_http_module.so
/var/www/modules/ngx_http_lua_module.so

Enable Modules in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

add two lines on Top

load_module "modules/ndk_http_module.so";
load_module "modules/ngx_http_lua_module.so";

Enhance Logging

add the following to the “http” Section

log_format log_req_resp   '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
                          '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
                          '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '
                          '$request_time req_header:"$req_header" '
                          'resp_header:"$resp_header"';

Enable Logging

add the following lines to your virtual Host Section

IPSEC OpenBSD <-> Linux

OpenBSD

Environment

  • OpenBSD 7.0
  • Debian 11.2 with Strongswan
  • IPv4 only
  • IKE v1

ToDo

  • IPv6 and Dualstack
  • IKE v2

Debian

ipsec.conf

conn puffy
   authby      = secret
   ike         = aes256-sha256-modp2048
   keyexchange = ikev1
   ikelifetime = 1h
   keyingtries = 0
   left        = %defaultroute
   right       = 193.xx.xx.xx
   leftid      = 212.xx.xx.xx
   rightid     = 193.xx.xx.xx
   lifetime    = 1200s
   leftsubnet  = 10.11.1.8/30
   rightsubnet = 10.1.6.0/24
   esp         = aes256-sha256-modp2048
   dpddelay    = 30
   dpdtimeout  = 120
   dpdaction   = restart
   auto        = start

OpenBSD

/etc/sysctl.conf

net.inet.ip.forwarding=1
net.inet.gre.allow=1

Apply all Settings

for i in $(cat /etc/sysctl.conf); do sysctl $i;done

/etc/ipsec.conf

# Tunnel to Debian

local_gw    = "193.xx.xx.xx"
local_net   = "10.1.6.0/24"
remote_gw   = "212.xx.xx.xx"
remote_net  = "10.11.1.8/30"
key         = "DAS-SAG-ICH-DIR-NICHT-:)"

ike dynamic esp tunnel from $local_net to $remote_net peer $remote_gw \
main    auth $auth1   enc $enc1   group $group1   lifetime $time1 \
quick   auth $auth2   enc $enc2   group $group2   lifetime $time2 \
srcid $local_gw \
psk $key

ike dynamic esp tunnel from $remote_net to $local_net peer $local_gw \
main    auth $auth1   enc $enc1   group $group1   lifetime $time1 \
quick   auth $auth2   enc $enc2   group $group2   lifetime $time2 \
srcid $remote_gw \
psk $key

start/restart services

rcctl enable ipsec isakmpd
rcctl set isakmpd flags -K
rcctl restart ipsec isakmpd

Enc Interfaces

cat /etc/hostname.enc0
up

FW Rules

# Allow UDP Port 500 and 4500
pass in  on (egress) proto udp from 193.xx.xx.xx to 212.xx.xx.xx port {isakmp, ipsec-nat-t}
pass out on (egress) proto udp from 212.xx.xx.xx to 193.xx.xx.xx {isakmp, ipsec-nat-t}

# Allow ESP encapsulated IPsec traffic on the external interface
pass in  on (egress) proto esp from 193.xx.xx.xx to 212.xx.xx.xx
pass out on (egress) proto esp from 212.xx.xx.xx to 139.xx.xx.xx

# Allow IP in IP Traffic
pass in  on enc0 proto ipencap from 193.xx.xx.xx to 212.xx.xx.xx keep state (if-bound)
pass out on enc0 proto ipencap from 212.xx.xx.xx to 193.xx.xx.xx keep state (if-bound)

Start Services & Apply Setting

… or reboot the Box so all Settings gets applied

AGE - Encrypt Files with SSH Keys

OpenBSD, Security

Stumbled upon something that I’ve missed for a long time: encrypting files with the ssh public key :)

Source

Install Package

OpenBSD (and most others *nix systems) got a package for age. Just install it.

doas pkg_add age

Asymmetric Encryption

Asymmetric Encryption encrypts and decrypts the data using two separate yet mathematically connected cryptographic keys. These keys are known as a ‘Public Key’ and a ‘Private Key’. Together, they’re called a ‘Public and Private Key Pair’

MAC Converter

OpenBSD, Network

MAC Address Converter

We’re all dealing with MAC Addresses, some times … there are different formats on different systems. this little script convert it to all formats and you can choise the appropriate ones.

Example

$ maconvert aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff

aabbccddeeff
aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff
aa-bb-cc-dd-ee-ff
aabb.ccdd.eeff

Script

Copy/Paste will work on OpenBSD, Linux needs some small Modifications (as there is no doas for example …)

doas su -

cat << 'EOFSCRIPT' > /usr/local/bin/maconvert
#!/usr/bin/env bash

# v0.1, 2021, by Christian Henschel
# v0.2, 2021-12-29, Stöge -> add OpenBSD Support & install gawk if needed

if [ OpenBSD == $(uname -s) ]; then
  which gawk &>/dev/null || doas pkg_add gawk
  _awk=$(which gawk)
else
  _awk=$(which awk)
fi

if [ -z "$1" ]; then
  cat <<'EOF'

  no mac address entered, valid format are:

  cafedeadbeef
  cafe.dead.beef
  ca:fe:de:ad:be:ef
  ca-fe-de-ad-be-ef

EOF
  exit 1
else
  mac=$(echo $1 | sed -e 's/[.:-]//g')
  maccolon=$(echo $mac  | $_awk '{gsub(/..\B/,"&:")}1')
  macdash=$(echo $mac  | $_awk '{gsub(/..\B/,"&-")}1')
  macpoint=$(echo $mac | $_awk '{gsub(/....\B/,"&.")}1')
fi

cat <<EOF

  $mac
  $maccolon
  $macdash
  $macpoint

EOF
exit 0
EOFSCRIPT

doas chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/maconvert
maconvert

NJoy!

Poetry

OpenBSD

1. Intro

Poetry is a tool for dependency management and packaging in Python. It allows you to declare the libraries your project depends on and it will manage (install/update) them for you.

Install on OpenBSD

Wanna Install on OpenBSD ?

# get root
doas su -

Install as Root

# Install Poetry
pip3 install --user poetry

# on error PEP 668:
#pip3 install --user poetry --break-system-packages

# Update Poetry
pip3 install poetry -U

# Update Profile
cat << EOF >> ~/.profile

# Poetry, added $(date)
export PATH=\$PATH:/root/.local/bin
EOF

. ~/.profile

Install as User poetry

# Update Poetry
pip3 install poetry -U

# Update Profile
cat << EOF >> ~/.profile

# Poetry, added $(date)
export PATH=\$PATH:~/.local/bin
EOF

. ~/.profile

Install on Debian

Run as User or Root

SSH - Signing Files

OpenBSD

Signing Files with SSH 8.0

unsigned file

$ cat hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1   localhost

1.2.3.4         egal

sign

$ ssh-keygen -Y sign -f id_rsa -n file hosts
Signing file hosts
Write signature to hosts.sig

signed file

$ cat hosts.sig
-----BEGIN SSH SIGNATURE-----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-----END SSH SIGNATURE-----

verify file

allowed signers

$ cat /etc/allowed_signers
mail@world.net ssh-rsa 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

verify

OpenBSD 7.0

OpenBSD

OpenBSD 7.0 released !

the 7.0 Release was released on 14. Oct 2021, two weeks before the official Launch Date (1. Nov).

All the Changes are listed here: https://www.openbsd.org/70.html, or summarized: undeadly.org

Things i have to consider for my Boxes:

Upgrade Guide

Follow to official Upgrade Guide. You can Upgrade with an USB Stick, ISO Image, PXE Boot or inline (from a running system).

Aslo - AS Lookup

OpenBSD

ASLO

AS Lookup Helper Script. It’s written for OpenBSD and need’s some modification for Linux. It basically depends on Python, PIP Installer and Python Package “aslookup”. Have Fun !

Download

wget https://blog.stoege.net/scripts/aslo
chmod 755 aslo
./aslo 1.1.1.1

Script

… and the Content himelf. It basically check’s if pip is installed, if as-lookup is installed, and then does the as lookup for the given IP Adress

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# AS Lookup for IP Address

install_pip() {
  echo -e "\npip not found, install ?\n"
  read -rsp $'Press any key to continue...\n' -n1 key
  pkg_add py3-pip--
  ln -sf /usr/local/bin/pip3.9 /usr/local/bin/pip
  echo -e "\npip installed ...\n"
}

install_aslookup() {
  echo -e "\nas-lookup not found, install ?\n"
  read -rsp $'Press any key to continue...\n' -n1 key
  pip install aslookup
  echo -e "\naslookup installed ...\n"
}

aslo() {
  as-lookup -s cymru `getent hosts $1 |awk '!/:/{ print $1}'`
}

which pip &>/dev/null || install_pip
which as-lookup &>/dev/null || install_aslookup
aslo $1

exit 0

Usage

you can simply ask one ip …

Nextcloud on OpenBSD

OpenBSD

Intro

Wanna run your own Nextcloud Server on OpenBSD … ? Give a Try ! It’s quite trivial as you can see. Just fireup an empty machine, assign an Hostname / DNS Record, and follow the Examples below. This Setup is done on the current Version, 6.9. Have Fun !

Inspired by: https://dev.to/nabbisen/nextcloud-on-openbsd-installation-15d6

Packages

install some packages. i use sqlite as db because i don’t expect a lot of users/traffic/files.

$ doas pkg_add nextcloud
quirks-3.633 signed on 2021-09-27T19:58:00Z
Ambiguous: choose package for nextcloud
a 0: <None>
  1: nextcloud-20.0.12
  2: nextcloud-21.0.4
Your choice: 2
Ambiguous: choose dependency for nextcloud-21.0.4:
a 0: php-pdo_mysql-7.4.23
  1: php-pdo_pgsql-7.4.23
  2: php-pdo_sqlite-7.4.23
Your choice: 2
nextcloud-21.0.4:argon2-20190702: ok
nextcloud-21.0.4:libsodium-1.0.18p1: ok
nextcloud-21.0.4:libxml-2.9.10p3: ok
nextcloud-21.0.4:oniguruma-6.9.6: ok
...
nextcloud-21.0.4: ok
Running tags: ok
The following new rcscripts were installed: /etc/rc.d/php74_fpm
See rcctl(8) for details.
New and changed readme(s):
  /usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes/femail-chroot
  /usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes/nextcloud
  /usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes/php-7.4

Preare Chroot

Create some Folders and stuff in the Chrooted Environment

PowerDNS on OpenBSD

OpenBSD

Run PowerDNS on OpenBSD

I’m mostly happy with NSD as Authoritative Nameserver. But why not look over the fence and have a look at PowerDNS ? At least the API looks promising to me …

Install Package

doas pkg_add powerdns--

Create Folder, DB and set Permission

doas mkdir /var/db/pdns
doas sqlite3 /var/db/pdns/pdns.sql < /usr/local/share/doc/pdns/schema.sqlite3.sql
doas chown -R _powerdns:wheel /var/db/pdns/

Update Config File /etc/pdns/pdns.conf

# DB
gsqlite3-database=/var/db/pdns/pdns.sql
launch=gsqlite3
setuid=_powerdns

# Tuning & Protection
max-queue-length=5000
overload-queue-length=2500

# Webserver
webserver=yes
webserver-address=ip-of-your-nameserver
webserver-allow-from=127.0.0.1,::1,my-remote-ip-address

Enable and Start Service

doas rcctl enable pdns_server
doas rcctl restart pdns_server

Import Data from NSD

If you have an existing NSD Setup, you can easily import the zones into the sqlite db.