Docker

Simple (simple ???) Redirect for all Requests to another Page. At least, it works …

docker-compose.yml

  whoami5:
    image: containous/whoami
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.redirect-regex.redirectregex.permanent=false"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.redirect-regex.redirectregex.regex=(.)*"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.redirect-regex.redirectregex.replacement=https://blog.stoege.net"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami5.middlewares=redirect-regex"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami5.rule=Host(`redirect.your.domain.de`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami5.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami5.tls=true"

Any Comments ?

sha256: f98bc4f9d6b271b301836a764b2e27e64eb9f6c774b5d7ce1887ed421ffbef75

Whitelist IP Range

docker-compose.yml

  whoami:
    image: containous/whoami
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipwhitelist.ipwhitelist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, x.x.x.x/y"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.middlewares=test-ipwhitelist@docker"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.rule=Host(`whoami.your.domain.de`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.tls=true"

-> only “localhost” and SRC IP x.x.x.x/y can access this URL. Rest will be blocked. -> Disadvantage. Container needs to be restartet if the Source Range gets modified!

we can do this better :)

Move to File

you may want to put your “IP Ranges” to a dedicated File and import it where needed.

Strip Prefix

Let’s assume you have a URL “https://whoami.your.domain.de/removeme" and you wanna get rid of the “removeme” before passing the Request to the Webserver. Stripprefix is your friend …

docker-compose.yml

  whoami:
    image: containous/whoami
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.test-stripprefix.stripprefix.prefixes=/wegdamit,/removeme"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.middlewares=test-stripprefix@docker"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.rule=Host(`whoami.your.domain.de`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.tls=true"

Any Comments ?

sha256: 0620c0c2d7ae033f2536f6797a048772e52a09119367f4864f8bb2a754d2ea57

docker-compose.yml

let’s limit the Requests to 10 Req / 10 Seconds.

  whoami:
    image: containous/whoami
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ratelimit.ratelimit.average=10"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ratelimit.ratelimit.burst=0"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ratelimit.ratelimit.period=10s"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.middlewares=test-ratelimit@docker"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.rule=Host(`whoami.your.domain.de`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt"
      - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.tls=true"

restart container

docker compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d

Test Limiting with Curl

user@docker:~$ while true; do echo $(date); curl -s https://whoami.your.domain.de |grep "Too" ; sleep 0.1; done
Wed Oct 12 18:43:57 CEST 2022
Too Many Requests
Wed Oct 12 18:43:58 CEST 2022
Too Many Requests
Wed Oct 12 18:43:58 CEST 2022
Too Many Requests

Test Limit with hey, 10 Concurrent

100 Requests, 10 Concurrent, Wait 1 Second between Poll

Dozzle is a real-time log viewer for docker containers

URL

Pull Image and start Container

docker pull amir20/dozzle:latest
docker run --name dozzle -d --volume=/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -p 8888:8080 amir20/dozzle:latest

Docker Compose

version: "3"
services:
  dozzle:
    container_name: dozzle
    image: amir20/dozzle:latest
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
    ports:
      - 8888:8080

You’re now exposing all your logfiles to the Internet on Port 8888. Apply some FW Rules on the Host, on the Cloud Provider or wherever it fit’s for you ….

Let’s Setup Docker on Debian

Get Debian on some Cloud Provider

Update Apt

apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

add official GPG Keys

mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg |gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

add Repo to Sources

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" |tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

install Docker Engine

apt-get update
apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin

Check Version

docker version

root@docker:~# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.18
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.18.6
 Git commit:        b40c2f6
 Built:             Thu Sep  8 23:12:08 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Docker Compose Version

docker compose version

root@docker:~# docker compose version
Docker Compose version v2.10.2

Install Hello World

docker run hello-world

Prepare Folders

mkdir -p /etc/docker/container/traefik
cd /etc/docker/container/traefik

Build Docker-compose

cat << 'EOF' > docker-compose.yml
services:
  traefik:
    image: traefik:v2.6
    restart: always
    command:
      - "--providers.docker"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedByDefault=false"
      - "--providers.docker.network=traefik_web"
      - "--entrypoints.http.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.http.http.redirections.entrypoint.to=https"
      - "--entrypoints.http.http.redirections.entrypoint.scheme=https"
      - "--entrypoints.https.address=:443"
      - "--entrypoints.https.http.tls.certResolver=le"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.le.acme.tlschallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.le.acme.email=docker@stoege.net"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.le.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
      - ./letsencrypt:/letsencrypt
networks:
  web:
    name: traefik_web
EOF

docker compose up

docker compose up -d

docker compose ps

docker compose ps

NAME                COMMAND                  SERVICE             STATUS              PORTS
traefik-traefik-1   "/entrypoint.sh --pr…"   traefik             running             0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp, :::443->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp

Demo Nginx

mkdir -p /etc/docker/container/nginx-demo
cd /etc/docker/container/nginx-demo

docker-compose.yml

cat << 'EOF' > docker-compose.yml
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.20
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.nginx.rule=Host(`nginx.v4.docker.noflow.ch`)"
    networks:
      - traefik_web

networks:
  traefik_web:
    external: true
EOF

Nginx up

docker compose up -d

Tail logfile

docker compose logs -f

-> https://nginx.v4.docker.noflow.ch

If you have Docker running somehwere … bring up your Smoke Instance within Seconds ;)

Smokeping

docker run --name smoke --restart always -d -p 80:80 linuxserver/smokeping

Show Containers

docker ps

docker-test:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                   COMMAND   CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                               NAMES
8f8b872ac1c3   linuxserver/smokeping   "/init"   6 minutes ago   Up 6 minutes   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   smoke

Shell into Docker

docker exec -it smoke /bin/sh

Check Netstat

root@8f8b872ac1c3:/# netstat -an
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node Path
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     406670 s
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     406078 /run/apache2/fcgidsock/137.0

Preview

Some Notes Based on this Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhBSlnQcq2k

Download Docker

https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/

Download Nginx Image

https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx

docker pull nginx

Run Image

docker run nginx
docker run nginx:latest
docker run -d nginx:latest
docker run -d -p 80 nginx:latest
docker run -d -p 8080:80 nginx:latest
docker run -d -p 3000:80 -p 8080:80 nginx:latest

Access Webserver

mbp:~ stoege$ docker run -d -p 8080:80 nginx:latest
5c7a945caa59f14e35932f3d4470c9b9afc0307dac34e01947d41adbcdfda091

mbp:~ stoege$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
5c7a945caa59        nginx:latest        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp   laughing_cartwright

open Brower http://localhost:8080 -> Welcome Page